Mahmood: Latest trends in modern forensic medicine


Introduction

Today forensic medicine become a large medical field that includes many areas. Generally, when one thinks about it, associates it immediately with death, autopsies, and related problems.8 Yet, this is only part of legal medicine, as new approaches and subspecialties are realized because of the advances in medical sciences and sociopolitical changes around the world. Forensic anthropology and clinical forensic medicine are perhaps the best examples of these “new sciences.”9, 10, 11 Forensic medicine a bridge between two complementary sciences (forensic pathology and forensic anthropology), medical doctors, and related professions have an introductory section to both sciences which are most essential.12 The origin of forensic medicine remains lost in a distant past, whenever the principles of medical sciences met those of law and justice. It began with the Code of Hammurabi, which imposed sanctions for errors in medical and surgical practices.13 The same type of punishment also existed in Persia. Later on, the Visigoths promulgated laws that punished poisoning, infanticide, and homicide. Which is describe as a medical trunk that serves the administration of justice, forensic medicine has different branches. Forensic pathology is probably the most emblematic one.14 The forensic pathology is often so broad that they would fit better into forensic medicine as a whole than in this single branch. it is “a branch of medicine that applies the principles and knowledge of the medical sciences in the field of law.”15, 16, 17 An even larger conception of forensic pathology considers it the study of diseases and injuries of the community, because it involves the knowledge of diagnosis and treatment in every medical and health specialty,12 but also requires information in many nonmedical areas, such as chemistry, physics, criminalities and police sciences,18 motor vehicle and highway conception, politics, sociology, and even the way of life of a society. Closer to its objectives and limits, define forensic pathology as a specialized branch of pathology (pathology being the study by scientific methods of disease and tissue injury) that relates within a legal framework to the effects of trauma, poisoning, occupational hazards, and natural disease.19

Table 1

Motivation of Medicos for Forensic Medicine afterthe final Autopsy Course

Motivations

Male Medicos

Female Medicos

Total

Scientific Interest of the field

15(44.5%)

14(41%)

26(41.5%)

Better Job Opportunities

11(30,80%)

7(16.8%)

15(23.8)

Satisfaction of Detective Questionnaire

10(27.2%)

7(16.8%)

14(16.5%)

Mortality Income

0

0

5(6.5%)

Social Prestige

0

0

0

Personal Reasons – Non of the above

6(13.5%)

10(27.3%)

13(20/5)

Publicity in Number

0

0

0

Total

33(100%)

3(100%)

2(100%)

Table 2

Inherent features of medicos and their effect on the choice of forensic medicine

Inherent Features

Medicos Wishing Forensic (n=50)

Medicos Rejecting Forensic (n=100)

Age

24.5+_2.2

24.2+_2.1

Fear of Death

4.15+_1.75

5.56+_2.85

Participation in Gross Anatomy

0.22+_0,50

0,14+_o.32

Attendance

0.95+_0,8

0.54+_0.52

Materials and Methods

A total number of one hundred and fifty final year medicos attending their compulsory practice in forensic medicine. They were asked to fill in a self administered questionnaire at the end of the course.20 The predominant motivation for following forensics was the scientific intranet (36.8%), Gender, Marital Status, religion, place of birth, Number of Siblings. Parents being a health professional, being a religious individuals were not associated with forensics. Very higher grades were a negative predictor for the forensic speciality. A trend linking rejection of an afterlife an orientation towards forensic medicine was found, The absolute fear of death was more intense in medicos rejecting forensics, Feelings of fear, a version and grief during the last day of autopsy seemed to be an important negative predictors.21, 22

Results

The predominant motivation for following forensics was the scientific intranet (36.8%), Gender, Marital Status, religion, place of birth, Number of Siblings. Parents being a health professional, being a religious individuals were not associated with forensics.23

Conclusion

Medicos who want to follow forensics present only small differences concerning their inherent features, beliefs, reactions, emotions and attitudes compared with the rest of their Fellow Medicos.

Source of Funding

None.

Conflict of Interest

None.

References

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2 

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UN manual on the effective prevention and investigation of extra-legal, arbitrary and summary executions, 1991. Sales No. E.91.IV.1 (doc.ST/CSDHA/12)

18 

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19 

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21 

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S Asnaes V Frederiksen C Fenger The value of the hospital autopsy. A study of causes and modes of death estimated before and after autopsyForensic Sci Int19832112332



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